Knowing the basics of what your UPS system does is only one step in your UPS knowledge.Understanding the core components of a UPS can help you to understand its operation, identify problems and avoid them.
The Four Major Components of an UPS System
- The static bypass
An internal static bypass circuit is built into the online UPS and acts as your first line of defense in case there is a problem with your UPS system.
The static bypass closes the circuit in the event of system failure and allows the incoming power supply to be diverted around the rectifier, batteries, and the inverter to supply unconditioned utility grade power directly to your load.
- The rectifier
Two main functions are served by the rectifier.The first is to charge your batteries (just like an alternator in cars) so that they remain at the correct float voltage.
To maintain the correct float voltage, some manufacturers simply trickle charge the batteries.Manufacturers use a three-step process that involves a quick charge of up to 90% followed by a slow charge of 100% and then a final turn off charger when the batteries have fully charged.
- The battery:
Your UPS system’s heart is your battery.Your UPS’s battery will be able to provide power for critical equipment in the event of a power outage.
At least one string of UPS batteries is required.The D/C buss voltage of UPS determines the number of batteries needed within each string.
The string is made up of batteries that are connected in series.The entire string will fail if one battery is damaged or fails.To increase the runtime or redundancy of the UPS, additional battery strings may be added.A good system design requires multiple strings of batteries, rather than a single one.
- The inverter
Inverter is the last major component of a UPS system.This device accepts D/C from the D/C busses. It is supplied by the rectifier as well as the battery.The rectifier will not provide current to D/C busses during a power cut. This will leave the battery as the only source of current until the batteries are exhausted.The UPS system can drop the load once the batteries have worn down. Unless an external power source (usually a generator or utility) is available, it will.
There are many sizes and variations of UPS systems available depending on the needs of your facility. However, you can get all types of UPS from Multi Link Engineering. We are your one stop solution for all your UPS need to save your appliances from sudden blackouts.
